PubMed yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov ntawv kawm thiab cov phau ntawv tsom mus rau cov teeb meem kev kho mob. Vim tias nws yog phau ntawv xov xwm kev kawm, koj yuav tsum kawm paub yuav tshawb xyuas nws li cas kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Pib nrog kev tshawb nrhiav yooj yim, thiab tom qab ntawd kawm paub siv Boolean tshawb nrhiav thiab cim npe. Kev tshawb fawb qib siab yuav pab koj ntiav koj txhua qhov kev paub tshawb fawb ua ke.
Cov kauj ruam
Txoj Kev 1 ntawm 4: Ua Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Yooj Yim
Kauj Ruam 1. Xaiv lub sijhawm tshawb fawb uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau koj kev tshawb fawb
Koj yuav tsum pib qee qhov, yog li pib nrog lub sijhawm tshawb fawb zoo uas piav qhia koj qhov project. Xav txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tuaj nrog lub sijhawm tshawb fawb zoo.
- Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav tshawb fawb cov neeg laus uas xav tau txoj kev kuaj hnyuv loj, koj tuaj yeem tshawb nrhiav "cov neeg laus dua." Tsis txhob txhawj txog kev xaiv lo lus "zoo meej" thawj zaug. Koj yuav tsum siv ntau qhov kev tshawb nrhiav txhawm rau nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv.
- PubMed kuj tseem muaj qhov ua kom tiav uas tuaj yeem pab koj xaiv cov lus tshawb fawb.
Kauj Ruam 2. Sim sib txawv ua ke ntawm cov lus kom rov ua tiav ntau dua
Tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv kawm tsis zoo ib yam li tshawb hauv Is Taws Nem. Hauv Internet tshawb fawb feem ntau, koj sau ib lo lus, thiab nws tshawb rau lo lus ntawd ntxiv rau cov lus sib dhos; kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb cav tsuas yog tshawb nrhiav lo lus uas koj muab tso.
- Tsuas yog tshawb ib lo lus tshawb nrhiav yuav tsis pab koj nrhiav txhua yam koj xav tau. Sim siv cov lus zoo sib xws thiab sib txuas ua ke sib txawv ntawm cov lus tshawb fawb los pab koj nrhiav yam koj xav tau.
- Piv txwv li, yog tias koj tab tom tshawb nrhiav txoj hnyuv loj hauv cov laus, koj tsis tuaj yeem tshawb nrhiav "colonoscopies thiab cov laus" thiab cia siab tias yuav pom txhua yam koj xav tau. Sim ua lwm yam kev sib txuas ua ke, xws li "colonoscopies thiab cov neeg laus," "colonoscopies thiab cov neeg laus," thiab "colon txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov laus."
Kauj Ruam 3. Lim koj qhov kev tshawb nrhiav kom nqaim koj cov txiaj ntsig
Thaum koj tau tsoo "Tshawb nrhiav," koj tsis ua tiav qhov kev tshawb nrhiav. Koj tseem tuaj yeem ntxiv cov lim dej ntxiv, xws li hnub tim thiab hom kab lus. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj tsuas xav tau 10 xyoo dhau los, koj tuaj yeem nyem lub pob rau qhov ntawd. Koj tseem tuaj yeem lim los ntawm txhaj kab lus hais txog tib neeg lossis lwm yam tsiaj.
- Koj tseem tuaj yeem lim los ntawm hom kab lus (tshuaj xyuas, kuaj mob, thiab lwm yam), nrog rau ntau npaum li cas ntawm tsab xov xwm muaj (paub daws teeb, tsis pub dawb-ntawv, puv-ntawv).
- Txhua lub nyees khawm los lim cov kab lus yog nyob rau sab laug ntawm nplooj ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 4. Tsis txhob quav ntsej cov kab lus uas tsis yog cov ntawv nyeem tag
Tshwj tsis yog tias koj muaj daim ntawv tshawb fawb txog tag kis, tsis txhob hla kab ntawv tsuas yog vim tsis muaj cov ntawv nyeem puv. Cov kab ntawv no yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau koj kev tshawb fawb. Koj lub tsev kawm qib siab lossis tsev qiv ntawv tuaj yeem muaj lawv luam tawm, thiab yog tias lawv tsis ua, koj tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tau txais tsab xov xwm los ntawm qiv qiv qiv hauv tsev.
Txoj Kev 2 ntawm 4: Siv Boolean Search Operators thiab Punctuation
Kauj Ruam 1. Siv "THIAB" txhawm rau nrhiav ob nqe lus
"Boolean searching" yog txoj hauv kev zoo ntawm kev hais tias koj yuav tsum siv qee qhov kev sib txuas, hu ua tus tswv, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas koj qhov kev tshawb nrhiav. "Thiab" txuas ob nqe lus. Nws xav kom daim teb lossis daim ntawv muaj ob lub sijhawm thawj thiab zaum ob, tsis yog ib lossis lwm qhov.
Piv txwv li, yog tias koj tshawb nrhiav "txiv apples THIAB txiv kab ntxwv," daim ntawv yuav tsum muaj ob qho tib si. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias nws ua rau cov txiaj ntsig nqaim dua yog tias koj tsuas yog tshawb "apple."
Kauj Ruam 2. Txuas nrog "LOSSIS" kom nthuav dav tshawb nrhiav
"Los yog" yog txoj hauv kev txuas cov ntsiab lus uas qhia rau lub system tias ib qho twg yog qhov zoo. Koj hais tias lub kaw lus tsis tas yuav nrhiav ob qho hauv daim ntawv, tsuas yog ib qho, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj tuaj yeem nthuav dav tshawb nrhiav.
- Piv txwv li, yog tias koj tshawb nrhiav tsuas yog "txiv apples," koj tsuas yog tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog txiv apples hauv nws. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tshawb "txiv apples lossis txiv kab ntxwv," koj tau txais txiaj ntsig uas muaj txiv apples lossis txiv kab ntxwv hauv nws, yog li koj tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau dua.
- Hom kev tshawb fawb no ua haujlwm tau zoo yog tias koj muaj cov lus sib xws lossis cov ntsiab lus zoo sib xws uas koj xav siv, xws li "kev kuaj kab mob qog noj ntshav lossis mob plab zom mov."
Kauj Ruam 3. Ntxiv "TSIS" rau lo lus koj xav tshem tawm
"Tsis yog" tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo yog tias koj siv lo lus tshawb fawb uas muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus lossis ntau dua ib hom, xws li cov kws tshwj xeeb sib txawv. Nws tuaj yeem pab koj nqaim mus rau qhov koj tab tom nrhiav, tsis yog cov ncauj lus nug.
Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav tshawb nrhiav tsuas yog Apple cov khoom lag luam, koj tuaj yeem tshawb nrhiav "apple NOT fruit." Txoj kev ntawd, koj tsis suav cov ntaub ntawv uas sib txuas cov txiv apples thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Kauj Ruam 4. Muab cov lus hais ib ncig kab lus meej
Qee zaum, koj xav nrhiav kab lus, tsis yog cov lus ib leeg. Cov cim hais los pab daws qhov teeb meem ntawd, raws li nws qhia rau lub khoos phis tawj koj xav tau cov lus tseeb ua ke.
Piv txwv li, yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav zaub ntsuab, koj tuaj yeem sau cov lus hais ib puag ncig nws, "txiv apples ntsuab." Txwv tsis pub, cov txiaj ntsig yuav muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj cov lus "ntsuab" thiab "txiv apples" tab sis tsis tas yuav ua ke
Kauj Ruam 5. Ntxiv lub hnub qub kom txiav cov lus tshawb fawb
Txhawm rau nrhiav cov lus uas muaj qhov pib zoo ib yam thiab qhov sib txawv sib txawv, ntxiv lub hnub qub qhov twg lo lus pib sib txawv. Kev tshawb nrhiav yuav rov qab los nrog txhua lo lus uas muaj qhov pib ntawd.
Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav tshawb ob qho tib si "txoj hnyuv loj" thiab "txoj hnyuv loj", siv lo lus tshawb fawb no: colonoscop*
Kauj Ruam 6. Siv cov lus sib cais los cais cov tswv
Qee zaum, koj xav siv ntau dua ib tus neeg teb xov tooj hauv cov lus nug. Tej zaum koj xav ua ke sib xyaw ua ke sib txawv thiab nrhiav ib qho ntawm txhua pawg hauv koj cov lus nug. Koj yooj yim puag ncig txhua txheej hauv kab lus.
- Piv txwv li, koj yuav xav tshawb cov ntsiab lus cuam tshuam "colonoscopy" thiab "noj qab haus huv kev noj qab haus huv," ntxiv rau txheej thib ob ntawm cov ntsiab lus cuam tshuam, "cov neeg laus," "neeg laus," thiab "cov laus." Koj tuaj yeem nthuav qhia cov lus nug no li no: (kuaj txoj hnyuv loj los yog zom zaub mov zoo) THIAB (cov neeg laus lossis LOS cov laus lossis cov laus).
- Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem sau cov lus hais ib puag ncig cov kab lus: (kuaj txoj hnyuv lossis “noj qab haus huv kev noj qab haus huv”) THIAB (“cov neeg laus” LOS YOG cov laus lossis LOSSIS cov laus)
Txoj Kev 3 ntawm 4: Ntxiv Cov Ntawv Cim Cim
Kauj Ruam 1. Siv [ti] txhawm rau tshawb nrhiav lo lus
Ntxiv cov ntawv [ti] tom kawg ntawm koj qhov kev tshawb nrhiav, thiab nws yuav nthuav tawm cov npe nrog lo lus ntawd hauv nws. Nco ntsoov tias nws yuav tsuas yog sau cov npe uas muaj lo lus tseeb hauv nws, tsis yog cov uas zoo sib xws.
- Piv txwv li, koj cov lus nug tshawb fawb tuaj yeem yog cov hauv qab no: colonoscopy [ti]
- Qhov kev tshawb nrhiav ntawd yuav nthuav tawm cov npe nrog lo lus "colonoscopy" hauv lawv.
Kauj Ruam 2. Ntxiv [au] rau kev tshawb fawb hauv tus kws sau ntawv
Muab daim ntawv no tso rau qhov kawg ntawm kev tshawb fawb thaum tshawb nrhiav tus kws sau tshwj xeeb. Cov ntawv no ua haujlwm tau zoo tshaj plaws yog tias koj paub tus sau lub npe, thiab koj xav pom ntau cov ntawv los ntawm tus sau ntawd.
- Piv txwv li, tshawb nrog cov lus nug no: Roberts [au]
- Yog tias koj siv lub xeem lub npe, sib txuas qhov kev tshawb fawb no nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus tshawb nrhiav kom nqaim koj cov txiaj ntsig.
- Yog tias koj xav ua kom cov txiaj ntsig tsis suav nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus tshawb nrhiav, sim [fau] tshawb nrog tus sau tag nrho lub npe. Suav nrog thawj qhov nruab nrab, ib yam, yog tias koj muaj.
Kauj Ruam 3. Nrhiav cov txiaj ntsig los ntawm ib tus editor nrog [ed]
Yog tias tus kws kho mob ua haujlwm hauv ib cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb, xws li tshaj tawm tsab xov xwm tshwj xeeb ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, nrhiav kab lus los ntawm tus neeg ntawd tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig rau koj txoj haujlwm. Muab tus neeg ntawd lub npe tso rau, ua raws daim [ed] lossis nrhiav cov ntawv lossis cov ntawv xov xwm uas tus neeg ntawd tau kho.
Kauj Ruam 4. Xa mus rau PubMed cov npe ntawm cov cim npe
PubMed muaj cov npe ntawm txhua daim ntawv lees paub los ntawm nws cov kab ke, nrog rau kev piav qhia ntawm txhua tus txhais li cas. Koj tuaj yeem pom nws ntawm
Txoj Kev 4 ntawm 4: Siv Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Zoo
Kauj Ruam 1. Nrhiav nplooj ntawv tshawb fawb ua ntej
Nyem rau ntawm "Advanced" hauv qab lub npov tshawb fawb tseem ceeb mus rau nplooj ntawv tshawb fawb qib siab. Koj tseem tuaj yeem nyem rau nws hauv tib qhov chaw ntawm nplooj ntawv ntsuas.
Kauj Ruam 2. Xaiv daim teb los ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov nco mus rau sab laug ntawm lub npov tshawb fawb
Xaiv lub teb koj xav tshawb. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb nrhiav tus sau, npe, hnub tim, phau ntawv, teeb meem, phau ntawv xov xwm, ISBN, tus tshaj tawm, thiab tus tswv ntawm lwm cov haujlwm. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv ntau dua ib daim teb los ntawm kev ntxiv ntau lub thawv rau cov lus nug tshawb fawb. Xav txog txhua lub thawv ntawv ua ib txheej zoo li cov uas koj tau tsim hauv Boolean tshawb nrhiav.
Kev tshawb fawb qib siab tso cai rau koj siv tag nrho cov txheej txheem suav nrog hauv kab lus no, thiab nws muab lub hauv paus rau koj kom ua tau yooj yim dua. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tseem yuav tsum nkag siab tias lawv ua haujlwm li cas txhawm rau siv kev tshawb fawb qib siab
Kauj Ruam 3. Muab koj cov ntsiab lus tshawb nrhiav
Koj tuaj yeem siv Boolean cov neeg ua haujlwm nyob hauv txhua pawg, tab sis nco ntsoov tias txhua pawg kuj tseem txuas nrog ib tus tom ntej los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj. Koj siv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov nco tseg los xaiv nws. Yog li ntawd, sim siv cov neeg teb xov tooj los txuas cov lus sib dhos lossis cov ntsiab lus cuam tshuam hauv txhua pawg, thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov txheej txheem cov neeg ua haujlwm los txuas txhua pawg. Hauv lwm lo lus, kho txhua pawg/lub npov ntawm nplooj ntawv zoo li nws nyob hauv kab lus.
Kauj Ruam 4. Ua ke tshawb nrhiav
Yog tias koj pom tias koj xav tau kev sib txuas tshawb fawb, koj tuaj yeem ua qhov ntawd siv kev tshawb fawb qib siab. Saib hauv qab qhov kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb qib siab rau koj li keeb kwm tsis ntev los no. Nyem "Ntxiv" hauv qab "Ntxiv rau tus tsim," uas yuav ntxiv qhov kev tshawb fawb ntawd rau koj qhov kev tshawb nrhiav tam sim no. Txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim dua, tsuas yog siv tus lej los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav (teev hauv qab no cov thawv tshawb fawb qib siab), xws li tso cov hauv qab no hauv thawj txheej ntawm tus tsim: #1 THIAB #4
Kev sib txuas nrog kev tshawb nrhiav tuaj yeem pab koj qhov txiaj ntsig nqaim
Kauj Ruam 5. Ua kom tiav koj li kev tshawb nrhiav hauv 8 teev
Koj li keeb kwm yuav ploj tom qab 8 teev, yog li yog tias koj xav ua ke tshawb fawb, koj yuav tsum ua nws nyob hauv ib lossis ob zaug hauv lub sijhawm.