Yuav Lej Li Cas Los Ntawm Marginal Utility: 11 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

Cov txheej txheem:

Yuav Lej Li Cas Los Ntawm Marginal Utility: 11 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)
Yuav Lej Li Cas Los Ntawm Marginal Utility: 11 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

Video: Yuav Lej Li Cas Los Ntawm Marginal Utility: 11 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

Video: Yuav Lej Li Cas Los Ntawm Marginal Utility: 11 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)
Video: La Yang Ft. Phuab Vaj - Yuav Ua Li Cas [Official MV] 2024, Lub peb hlis ntuj
Anonim

Hauv kev lag luam, cov txiaj ntsig tsis tseem ceeb (MU) yog ib txoj hauv kev los ntsuas tus nqi lossis kev txaus siab uas tus neeg siv khoom tau txais los ntawm kev siv qee yam. Raws li txoj cai dav dav, MU yog sib npaug rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob tag nrho faib los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom siv. Ib txoj hauv kev xav txog qhov no yog MU yog cov khoom siv uas ib tus neeg tau txais los ntawm txhua chav ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv.

Cov kauj ruam

Ntu 1 ntawm 3: Siv Qhov Sib Txawv Marginal Utility

Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 1
Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 1

Kauj Ruam 1. Nkag siab lub tswv yim kev lag luam ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob

Kev siv hluav taws xob yog "tus nqi" lossis "kev txaus siab" uas tus neeg siv khoom tau txais los ntawm kev siv qee yam khoom. Ib txoj hauv kev zoo ntawm kev xav ntawm nws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo npaum li cas cov nyiaj uas tus neeg siv khoom yuav ua kom ncaj ncees them rau qhov kev txaus siab muab los ntawm qhov zoo.

Piv txwv, cia peb hais tias koj tshaib plab thiab tab tom yuav ntses los noj hmo. Cia peb tseem hais tias ib tus ntses nqi $ 2. Yog tias koj tshaib plab heev uas koj yuav tau them $ 8 rau tus ntses, tus ntses tau hais kom muab $ 8 tus nqi tsim nyog. Hauv lwm lo lus, koj txaus siab them $ 8 kom tau txais kev txaus siab los ntawm cov ntses txawm tias nws raug nqi li cas tiag

Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 2
Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 2

Kauj Ruam 2. Nrhiav tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob los ntawm kev siv qee yam khoom

Kev siv hluav taws xob tag nrho tsuas yog lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob siv rau ntau dua ib qho zoo. Yog tias siv ib qho zoo muab rau koj qee qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, kev siv ntau dua li ib qho zoo tib yam yuav muab rau koj ntau dua, qis dua, lossis zoo ib yam.

  • Piv txwv, cia peb hais tias koj npaj yuav noj ob ntses. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab noj thawj tus ntses, koj tsis tshaib plab zoo li ua ntej. Tam sim no, koj tsuas yog them $ 6 rau qhov txaus siab ntxiv ntawm cov ntses thib ob. Nws tsis muaj nqis npaum li koj rau tam sim no uas koj muaj me ntsis lawm. Qhov no txhais tau tias ob tus ntses muab $ 6 + $ 8 (thawj tus ntses) = $ 14 ntawm "tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob" ua ke.
  • Nco ntsoov tias nws tsis muaj teeb meem txawm tias tsis yog koj yeej yuav ntses thib ob. MU tsuas yog txhawj xeeb txog qhov koj yuav them rau nws. Hauv lub neej tiag, cov kws xam nyiaj txiag siv cov qauv ua lej nyuaj los kwv yees dab tsi cov neeg siv khoom siv dag zog yuam yuav them rau qee yam.
Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 3
Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 3

Kauj Ruam 3. Nrhiav tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob los ntawm kev siv cov khoom sib txawv

Txhawm rau nrhiav MU, koj xav tau ob qhov sib txawv tag nrho kev ntsuas hluav taws xob. Koj yuav siv qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv los ua koj li kev xam MU.

  • Wb hais tias, hauv qhov piv txwv xwm txheej hauv Kauj Ruam 2, koj txiav txim siab tias koj tshaib plab txaus noj plaub ntses tag nrho. Tom qab ntses thib ob, koj nyob puv me ntsis, yog li koj tsuas yog them $ 3 rau cov ntses tom ntej. Tom qab tus ntses thib peb, koj yuav luag tag nrho, yog li koj tsuas yog them $ 1 rau cov ntses zaum kawg.
  • Qhov kev txaus siab koj yuav tau txais los ntawm nws yuav luag raug tshem tawm los ntawm qhov kev xav tias tsis xis nyob puv. Koj tuaj yeem hais tias plaub tus ntses muab tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm $ 8 + $ 6 + $ 3 + $ 1 = $ 18.
Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 4
Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 4

Kauj Ruam 4. Xam MU

Faib qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob ntau dua qhov sib txawv hauv cov chav. Cov lus teb uas koj tau txais yuav yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, lossis cov txiaj ntsig tau muab los ntawm txhua chav ntxiv uas tau siv.

  • $ 18 - $ 14 (piv txwv los ntawm Kauj Ruam 2) = $ 4
  • 4 (ntses) - 2 (ntses) = 2
  • $4/2 = $2
  • Qhov no txhais tau tias, nruab nrab ntawm tus ntses thib ob thiab thib plaub, txhua tus ntses ntxiv tsuas yog tus nqi $ 2 ntawm cov khoom siv rau koj. Qhov no yog tus nqi nruab nrab; tus ntses thib peb yog tus nqi tiag tiag $ 3 thiab plaub yog tus nqi tiag $ 1, tau kawg.

Ntu 2 ntawm 3: Xam MU rau Chav Ntxiv

Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 5
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 5

Kauj Ruam 1. Siv kab zauv los nrhiav MU rau txhua chav ntxiv

Hauv qhov piv txwv saum toj no, peb pom qhov nruab nrab MU rau ntau yam khoom siv. Nov yog ib txoj hauv kev siv MU. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau siv ntau dua rau cov khoom siv ib leeg. Qhov no muab peb qhov tseeb MU rau txhua qhov zoo ntxiv (tsis yog tus nqi nruab nrab).

  • Nrhiav qhov no yooj yim dua li nws lub suab. Tsuas yog siv qhov sib npaug ib txwm txhawm rau nrhiav MU thaum qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom siv yog ib.
  • Hauv qhov xwm txheej piv txwv, koj twb paub MUs rau txhua chav tsev ib leeg. Thaum koj tsis tau muaj ntses, MU ntawm thawj tus ntses yog $ 8 ($ 8 ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob tag nrho - $ 0 koj tau ua ntej/hloov ntawm 1 chav nyob), MU ntawm tus ntses thib ob yog $ 6 ($ 14 ntawm tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob - $ 8 koj tau ua ntej/hloov ntawm 1 chav nyob), thiab ntxiv rau.
Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 6
Xam Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 6

Kauj Ruam 2. Siv qhov kev ua zauv kom ua kom tau txiaj ntsig zoo rau koj

Hauv kev kwv yees kev lag luam, cov neeg siv khoom txiav txim siab yuav siv lawv cov nyiaj li cas txhawm rau ua kom lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov neeg siv khoom xav tau kom txaus siab ntau li ntau tau rau lawv cov nyiaj. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov neeg siv khoom yuav nyiam yuav cov khoom lag luam lossis cov khoom lag luam kom txog thaum cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev yuav ib qho zoo dua me dua li tus nqi qis (tus nqi ntawm ib chav ntxiv).

Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 7
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 7

Kauj Ruam 3. Txheeb xyuas qhov ua tsis tau zoo

Cia peb saib qhov xwm txheej piv txwv ib zaug ntxiv. Ua ntej peb tau hais tias txhua tus ntses raug nqi $ 2. Tom qab ntawd peb txiav txim siab tias thawj tus ntses muaj MU ntawm $ 8, tus thib ob muaj MU ntawm $ 6, tus thib peb muaj MU ntawm $ 3, thiab tus thib plaub muaj MU ntawm $ 1.

Muab cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tsis kawg yuav tus ntses thib plaub. Nws cov txiaj ntsig tsis tseem ceeb ($ 1) tsawg dua nws tus nqi marginal ($ 2). Yeej, koj tab tom poob qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev sib pauv no, yog li nws tsis yog qhov koj nyiam.)

Ntu 3 ntawm 3: Siv Daim Ntawv Teev Npe Marginal

Piv txwv daim ntawv: Daim pib mus rau Kev Ua Yeeb Yaj Kiab

Daim pib yuav Cov nqi hluav taws xob tag nrho Marginal nqi hluav taws xob
1 10 10
2 18 8
3 24 6
4 28 4
5 30 2
6 30 0
7 28 -2
8 18 -10
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 8
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 8

Kauj Ruam 1. Muab cov kab ntawv kom muaj nuj nqis, tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob, thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo

Feem ntau cov kab MU muaj tsawg kawg peb kab ntawv no. Tej zaum qee zaum yuav muaj ntau dua, tab sis cov no nthuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Feem ntau, cov no tau teeb tsa ntawm sab laug mus rau sab xis.

Nco ntsoov tias kab ntawv kab taub hau yuav tsis ib txwm phim cov no. Piv txwv li, kab ntawv "Quantity" tuaj yeem sau lo lus "Cov khoom yuav," "Chav nyob yuav," lossis qee yam zoo sib xws. Qhov tseem ceeb yog cov ntaub ntawv hauv kab ntawv

Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 9
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 9

Kauj Ruam 2. Saib mus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov rov qab los

Daim duab "classic" MU feem ntau siv los ua pov thawj tias, raws li tus neeg siv khoom yuav ntau yam ntawm qhov zoo, lub siab xav yuav ntau dua cov khoom yuav poob. Hauv lwm lo lus, tom qab taw tes, cov txiaj ntsig tsis tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov kev yuav khoom zoo ntxiv yuav pib txo qis. Thaum kawg, tus neeg siv khoom yuav pib tsis txaus siab tag nrho ua ntej yuav khoom ntxiv.

Hauv daim duab piv txwv saum toj no, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov rov qab los poob yuav luag tam sim. Thawj daim pib mus rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yaj kiab muab ntau qhov txiaj ntsig zoo, tab sis txhua daim pib tom qab thawj zaug muab me ntsis. Tom qab rau daim pib, txhua daim pib ntxiv muaj qhov tsis zoo MU, uas txo qis kev txaus siab tag nrho. Kev piav qhia rau qhov no yuav yog, tom qab rau mus ntsib, cov neeg siv khoom tau pib nkees pom cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo ib yam thiab tas li

Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 10
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 10

Kauj Ruam 3. Txiav Txim Siab Tshaj Plaws

Nov yog lub ntsiab lus uas tus nqi qis tshaj li MU. Daim ntawv qhia nqi hluav taws xob ua rau nws yooj yim los twv seb pes tsawg chav ntawm cov khoom uas cov neeg siv khoom yuav yuav. Raws li kev ceeb toom, cov neeg siv khoom zoo li yuav khoom muag kom txog thaum tus nqi qis (tus nqi ntawm ib chav ntxiv ntawm cov khoom lag luam) ntau dua li MU. Yog tias koj paub ntau npaum li cas cov khoom raug tshuaj xyuas hauv daim ntawv nqi, lub ntsiab lus uas kev siv hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws yog kab kawg uas MU siab dua tus nqi qis.

  • Cia peb hais tias daim pib hauv daim duab piv txwv raug nqi $ 3 txhua. Hauv qhov no, kev siv hluav taws xob tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws thaum tus neeg siv yuav 4 daim pib. Daim pib tom ntej tom qab no muaj MU ntawm $ 2, uas tsawg dua li tus nqi qis ntawm $ 3.
  • Nco tseg tias kev siv hluav taws xob tsis tas yuav ua kom loj tshaj thaum MU pib dhau los ua qhov tsis zoo. Nws yog qhov ua tau rau cov khoom muab qee cov txiaj ntsig rau cov neeg siv khoom yam tsis tau "tsim nyog nws." Piv txwv li, daim pib thib tsib hauv daim duab saum toj no tseem muab $ 2 tus nqi ntawm MU. Qhov no tsis yog qhov tsis zoo MU tab sis nws tseem txo qis cov nqi hluav taws xob vim tias nws tsis tsim nyog tus nqi.
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 11
Xeem Marginal Utility Kauj Ruam 11

Kauj Ruam 4. Siv daim duab kab ntawv los nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv

Thaum koj muaj peb kab "tub ntxhais" kab lus saum toj no, nws dhau los ua qhov yooj yim kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv txog tus qauv xwm txheej uas daim duab tau tshuaj xyuas. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb yog tias koj tab tom siv daim ntawv nthuav qhia xws li Microsoft Excel uas tuaj yeem ua lej rau koj. Nov yog ob hom ntaub ntawv koj yuav xav muab tso rau hauv kab ntxiv rau sab xis ntawm peb qhov siv saum toj no:

  • Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Nruab Nrab: Tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob hauv txhua kab sib faib los ntawm qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom yuav.
  • Cov Khoom Siv Tau Txais: Cov txiaj ntsig tsis tseem ceeb hauv txhua kab rho tawm cov khoom lag luam tus nqi qis. Nws sawv cev rau "txiaj ntsig" hais txog kev siv hluav taws xob uas tus neeg siv khoom tau txais los ntawm kev yuav khoom txhua yam khoom. Nws kuj tseem hu ua "kev tshaj nyiaj txiag."

Yees duab - Los ntawm kev siv qhov kev pabcuam no, qee cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug muab qhia rau YouTube

Lub tswv yim

  • Yog tias koj ntxiv cov neeg siv khoom seem rau hauv koj daim ntawv (raws li tau tham los saum no), lub ntsiab lus uas qhov kev siv hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws yuav yog kab kawg ua ntej cov neeg siv khoom seem tau dhau los ua qhov tsis zoo.
  • Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias cov xwm txheej hauv cov piv txwv yog cov xwm txheej ua piv txwv. Ntawd yog, lawv sawv cev rau cov neeg siv khoom tsis ncaj ncees (ntau dua li qhov tseeb). Hauv lub neej tiag tiag, cov neeg siv khoom tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo; lawv yuav, piv txwv li, tsis yuav khoom ntau npaum li qhov xav tau los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov qauv kev lag luam zoo yog cov cuab yeej zoo rau kwv yees tus neeg siv tus cwj pwm ntawm qhov dav, tab sis lawv feem ntau tsis "phim" lub neej tiag tiag.

Pom zoo: